ارائه مدل سناریو-محور چند هدفه جهت مکانیابی-تخصیص تسهیلات پشتیبان مبتنی بر استراتژی های حمایتی در بحران سیل ( مطالعه موردی: شهر قم)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

چکیده

با تغییرات اکولوژیکی، تقاضا برای خدمات اضطراری و اقلام امدادی در شرایط بحران، افزایش یافته است. در این مقاله، مدل یکپارچه ای از مکانیابی و تخصیص تسهیلات پشتیبان در دو بخش اسکان و تامین و در دو فاز آمادگی و پاسخ در جهت افزایش قابلیت اطمینان زنجیره بحران ارائه شده است. مدل ریاضی ارائه شده، مدلی چند هدفه و سناریو محور است که پس از مقایسه نتایج روش های حل چند هدفه، به روش نرمال سازی و تجمیع توابع هدف، حل می شود. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد استفاده از ترکیبی از استراتژی های حمایتی اعم از تسهیلات پشتیبان در بحران سیل امری حیاتی است. همچنین با معرفی بحران سیل در شهر قم به عنوان مطالعه موردی، راهکار هایی پیشنهاد شده است که ضمن حل مشکل کمبود فضای احداث در مناطق متراکم مرکزی، با صرف کمترین هزینه، میزان خسارات در بلند مدت را تا سطح قابل توجهی کاهش می دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A scenario- based multi objective model for backup facilities location-allocation considering supportive strategies in flood disaster (a case study: Qom city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amirhossein Saffarinia
  • Farnaz Barzinpour
  • Ahmad Makui
Iran University of Science and Technology
چکیده [English]

With ecological changes and population growing, the demand for emergency services and relief items to protect people's lives, properties and the environment has increased. Iran is at a high-risk level among the countries of the world in terms of the potential for natural disasters such as flood. According to the flood disaster, the occurrence of several crises in short time intervals and different places or long time and continuous in a special region is considered. Therefore, in this study, an integrated model of backup facilities in the field of accommodation and supply is presented to increase the reliability of the crisis chain. The presented mathematical model is a multi-objective, multi-period, and multi-scenario model that locate and allocate facilities in two phases of preparation and response and two sections of supply and accommodation. Then after comparing the results of multi-objective solution methods, model is solved by normalization and aggregation of objective functions. In flood situation combination of strategies such as construction, equipment, extra allocation and safety stock is used. The results show that in events with long recovery periods and with the possibility of occurrence of various scenarios, the use of supportive strategies such as building backup facilities is critical. Thus, in this research, with this approach, we have been able to greatly reduce the costs of the crisis chain. In this paper, we introduce the flood crisis in Qom city as a case study and we study and recognized the characteristics and causes of this crisis and the challenges of crisis managers in this city. Finally, management solutions based on strategies are proposed that not only solve the problem of facilities location and land acquisition in densely populated areas of central Qom but also reduce the severity and amount of long-term risks to a significant level with the least cost.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Location-Allocation Model
  • Backup Facilities
  • Crises Management
  • Scenario-Based Model