An integrated framework using F-PIPRECIA and Z-WASPAS methods to evaluate the barriers to the implementation of smart logistics

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Document Type : Article

Authors

1 Ph.D Candidate, Industrial Engineering Department, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran 1774-15875, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Industrial Engineering Department, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran 1774-15875, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Industrial Engineering Department, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran 1774-15875, Iran

Abstract

Logistics is one of the drivers of countries’ and companies’ aggressiveness and plays a vital role in economic growth. However, the current logistics industry is still high-cost and low-efficiency. The development of smart logistics brings opportunities to solve these problems. Despite many possibilities, the existence of some barriers limits the implementation of these systems. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the problem of the implementation of smart logistics. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method based on the fuzzy pivot pair-wise relative criteria importance assessment (F-PIPRECIA) and the weighted aggregated sum product assessment method based on Z number theory (Z-WASPAS) developed in three phases. In the first phase of this smart technology based on the literature, 16 smart logistics implementation barriers are identified using the FMEA method. In the second phase, using the fuzzy PIPRECIA method and experts' opinions, the weights of the factors are calculated. An adjusted PIPRECIA is proposed In the third phase and according to the outputs of the previous phases, the barriers are prioritized using the Z-WASPAS method. The FPIPRECIA-ZWASPAS approach produced to cover some disadvantages of FMEA method include inability to consider the different significance of risk factors in an uncertain environment. In addition to assigning different weights to factors and considering uncertainty, reliability is also considered in experts’ opinions through the theory of Z numbers. The proposed approach of this research was implemented in the evaluation of the barriers to smart logistics implementation in a factory active in the field of home appliances assembly located in the Aras Free Zone in Iran. Based on the results, This study has identified that “Lack of sufficient resources” has the highest priority among barriers. Also, “Lack of qualified staff” and “Administrative bureaucracy” are in the second and third priority, respectively. The results show the capability and efficiency of the proposed approach compared to other traditional methods such as FMEA and fuzzy WASPAS.

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Sharif Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 26 August 2025

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