Analytical Based Simulation Modeling for Short-Term and Long-Term Planning in Open Pit Mining

Document Type : Research Note

Authors

1 Department of Industrial Engineering, Ayandegan University, Tonekabon, Iran.

2 Department of Industrial engineering, Branch of lahijan, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran

3 Department of Industrial Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Open-pit mining operations are complex and multifaceted, requiring meticulous planning to optimize resource extraction, operational efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. In this paper, a two-level hierarchical framework based on simulation is presented for production planning and material loading machines in Iran's largest open-pit copper mine. Analytical-based simulation modeling offers a powerful tool for mining engineers and planners to simulate various scenarios, assess the impact of different decisions, and optimize mining operations. By integrating mathematical models, statistical analysis, and simulation techniques, this approach enables the evaluation of alternative strategies, risk assessment, and performance forecasting in open-pit mining environments. This paper aims to explore the application of analytical-based simulation modeling in the context of short-term and long-term planning in open-pit mining. It will delve into the methodology, tools, and techniques employed in developing simulation models for optimizing operational processes, enhancing productivity, and mitigating risks in open-pit mining operations. The study will also highlight the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of utilizing analytical-based simulation modeling for effective planning and decision-making in the dynamic field of open-pit mining. To solve the problem of planning machinery in mining, a planning problem has been formulated and applied in the framework of the proposed two-level hierarchical method. The Opt Quest software package to solve the optimization problem at the high level of the proposed framework in order to prepare a long-term optimal production plan. At the lower level of the framework, with the help of a meta-modeling approach, a deterministic function has been fitted to accurately estimate the number of loading machines by determining the optimal number of shovels using the design of experiments. The calculations performed in this mining complex show how the proposed framework can have a favorable effect on the amount of production, material handling costs and income. By embracing analytical-based simulation modeling, mining managers can make informed decisions, mitigate risks, and drive operational excellence in open-pit mining environments. This approach empowers managers to proactively address challenges, capitalize on opportunities, and steer mining operations towards greater efficiency, profitability, and sustainability in both the short and long term.

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References

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Sharif Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management
Volume 41, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
February 2026
Pages 127-139

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