Economic and environmental optimization model of the amount of waste allocated to different methods of urban waste disposal in Gilan province

This article examines the waste management system to assess the feasibility of constructing a waste incineration power plant. Due to the haphazard burial of waste daily in the Saravan region of Rasht, without adherence to proper burial engineering principles, there are several potential environmental consequences. These include the contamination of surface water through the release of leachate, the infiltration of leachate into lower layers, and the risk of highlighted contamination of underground water, which is causing poisoning and severe harm to the local population. Additionally, the feeding of indigenous animals with waste, the release of gas into the environment, and the detrimental effects on the existing plants and wildlife are worth mentioning. Hence, this study aims to provide a framework for assessing the economic and environmental elements of energy generation from municipal garbage in Gilan Province. Additionally, the study will analyze the feasibility of implementing this project from several economic and environmental perspectives. This study examines three methods, namely unsanitary depots (landfills), composting (organic fertilizer companies), and waste incineration facilities with gasification technology, in two scenarios to compare the effects of constructing or not constructing waste incineration power plants. The final model, incorporating GAMS software, is implemented using the exact number programming method.The findings are presented: The feasibility study for constructing a waste incineration plant utilizing gasification technology indicates a daily cost savings of $2,485,915. This plant would be capable of disposing of 600 tons of waste while also considering economic and environmental factors. Despite the fact that the construction of a power plant requires a relatively large initial investment, and it is apparently expensive, but in the end, with a sharp reduction in environmental consequences, as well as electricity production and side income generation in this way, the most optimal method among the available options in waste management is counted.